Do the sacramental rites of the Old Testament continue to have value after Calvary? This controversial question has been answered in very different ways in the history of the Church. In recent decades, there has been a widespread change of perspective due to many factors including the Holocaust, the Second Vatican Council's Nostra Aetate, the rejection of more radical forms of supersessionism, the spread of messianic Jewish congregations, and the practice of participation in the Passover seder in parishes.